Oral Cancer

Oral cancer also called mouth cancer. It is cancer. It is cancer that occurs in any part of the mouth; on the tongue’s surface, in the lips, inside the cheek, in the gums, in the roof and floor of the mouth, in the tonsils, and also the salivary glands. Mouth cancer is a type of head and neck cancer, and is often treated similarly to other head and neck cancers. It is twice as common in men as it is in women and is rare in people aged fewer than 40. There are around 4,700 cases that are diagnosed each year.

There are several types of oral cancer:

• Squamous cell carcinoma

Most of oral cancer occurs in the oral cavity and oropharynx is squamous cell carcinoma. Normally, the throat and mouth are lined with so-called squamous cells, which are flat and arranged in a scale-like way.

• Verrucous carcinoma

This type of oral cancer rarely spreads to other parts of the body, but can invade the tissue surrounding the site of origin.

• Minor salivary gland carcinomas

Oral cancer can develop on the minor salivary glands, which are found throughout the lining of the mouth and throat.

• Lymphomas

Lymphomas are cancers that develop in lymph tissue, which is part of the immune system.

ORAL CANCER

A risk factor is anything that increases that likelihood of developing a disease or condition. The risk factors for mouth cancer include:

• Smoking and alcohol

The two main causes of mouth cancer are drinking too much alcohol and smoking cigarettes (or other tobacco products, such as pipes or cigars). This is because both of these substances are carcinogenic which mean they contain chemicals that can damage DNAS in cells and lead to cancer.  The risk of mouth cancer is increase for those who heavy smoker and drinker.

• Betel nuts

Betel nuts is mildly addictive seed addictive seeds taken from the betel palm tree, and are widely used in many southeast Asian ethnic communities, such as people of Indian and Sri Lankan origin. Betel nuts have a carcinogenic effect, which can increase the risk of mouth cancer. This risk is made worse as many people enjoy chewing betel nuts along with tobacco. They have a stimulant effect similar to coffee.

• Smokeless tobacco

Smokeless tobacco is a range of products such as chewing tobacco, snuff-powdered tobacco designed to be snorted and snus-a type of smokeless tobacco popular in Sweden, which is placed under upper lip, where it is gradually absorbed into your blood.

• Cannabis

People who smoke cannabis has also increased risk of mouth cancer. Other than that, regular cannabis smokers may have a higher risk than tobacco smokers because cannabis smoke contains higher levels of tar than tobacco smoke, and tar is carcinogenic.

• Human papilloma virus(HPV)

HPV is a family of viruses that affect the skin and moist membranes that line your body, such as those in the cervix, anus, mouth and throat. Some types of HPV infection could also cause abnormal tissue growth inside the mouth, triggering some cases of mouth cancer.

• Poor oral hygiene

Poor of oral hygiene such as having toothed decay, gum disease, not brushing teeth regularly and having ill-fitted dentures can increase risk of mouth cancer.

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